injuries of birth canal/vagina/perineum/cervix

In practically every primigravida there is some laceration of the vulva. In multigravidae this is not so, the reason being that the previous stretching allows it to stretch more during subsequent deliveries. The sites where lacerations occur are labium minus, near the urethral orifice, the clitoris and the lower half of the vulvo-vaginal junction. Such tears are often continuous with those in the vagina.